La Reserva Natural Fluvial Chíllar es representativa de los ríos costeros mediterráneos. Sobresale por una morfología fluvial singular con un valle fuertemente encajonado en todo su recorrido, a lo que se le une un flujo permanente durante todo el año, a diferencia de otros ríos costeros mediterráneos de la zona. Destacar asimismo su elevada diversidad biológica.
La reserva se encuentra en pleno Parque Natural de las Sierras de Tejeda, Almijara y Alhama, en los términos municipales de Frigiliana y Nerja (Málaga). Presenta una pendiente media muy elevada, transcurriendo en buena parte por un profundo desfiladero de mármoles dolomíticos excavado por el constante fluir del agua, y en el que se alternan pozas de aguas cristalinas y singulares estrechamientos en las calizas que apenas superan el metro de anchura y cuyas paredes pueden superar los 20 metros de altura: son los conocidos como “cahorros”, considerados como el elemento más singular de este río de aguas bravas.
La vegetación riparia se caracteriza por la presencia de sargas (Salix eleagnos, Salix pedicellata) y sauces (Salix atrocinerea), acompañados en cabecera por boj balear, adelfas, zarzas, hiedras, zarzaparrilla y juncos. Los pinos carrascos y resineros dominan el paisaje en el que se enmarca este tramo fluvial, descendiendo hasta el cauce junto con acompañantes del bosque mediterráneo como los algarrobos, lentiscos, palmitos, brezos, el aladierno o el romero.
La reserva se caracteriza por un buen estado ecológico y por la ausencia de presiones antrópicas significativas en su cauce, lo que le confiere un alto grado de naturalidad.
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