La Reserva Natural Subterránea (RNS) Arteta ocupa una superficie 128,3 km2 y se ubica en la comarca del Valle del Ollo en la provincia de Navarra. Esta RNS se encuentra dentro de los límites de la masa de agua subterránea ES091MSBT0018 Sierra de Andía, en la Demarcación Hidrográfica del Ebro.
El manantial de Arteta, que da nombre a la reserva, se localiza a una altura de 530 m.s.n.m en la localidad de Ultzurrun, y es el punto de descarga principal del acuífero kárstico que constituye la RNS. Este acuífero está formado por dolomías, calizas y calcarenitas del Paleoceno-Eoceno medio, siendo su límite inferior las margas del Cretácico superior que afloran en el valle del río Arakil, al norte de la reserva.
La recarga del acuífero se produce por infiltración de agua de lluvia en las zonas altas de la Sierra de Andía entre los 1.000 y 1.200 m.s.n.m. Esta infiltración se ve favorecida por las formaciones kársticas que existen en los materiales carbonatados, como son las dolinas y las simas. La descarga del acuífero se produce a través del manantial de Arteta, cuyo caudal promedio anual es de 3,0 m3/s. Las variaciones de caudal de este manantial están condicionadas por el funcionamiento kárstico del acuífero, por la precipitación según el año hidrológico sea húmedo, promedio o seco, y por la estacionalidad de la recarga del acuífero (estiaje o invierno).
El manantial de Arteta da origen al río Udarbe, en cuyas aguas cristalinas viven truchas, madrillas, chipas y lochas, y en torno al cual se desarrolla un rico bosque de ribera. Además, la zona donde se encuentra la RNS destaca por formar parte de la Red Natura 2000, así como por estar incluida en el Parque Natural de Sierra de Urbasa y Andía.
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